Sources and methodology
Fish longevity: evidence and limits
Read the fish-care sources behind the planning ranges, and why water answers are kept as notes rather than extra years.
Sources and methodology
Published fish references focus on water quality, setup, compatible stocking, nutrition, quarantine and visible illness signs, so care answers are shown as guidance rather than year changes.
Model: fish-lifespan-v0.1
The calculator uses total planning age = (current age³ + group reference age³)^(1/3). The curve is a planning rule, not a fish life table.
This estimate is for planning, not a medical prognosis. Fish group and age change the lifespan number; water, tank and health fields shape the notes.
The estimate starts from fish-group planning ranges and an age curve.
For planning and education only. It does not replace an aquatic veterinarian or qualified fish-health advice. Seek help for gasping, clamped fins, spots, wounds, bloating, swimming changes or sudden losses.
Sources and methodology
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Health Care for Fish
- RSPCA: How to take care of pet fish
- VCA Animal Hospitals: Goldfish - General
- VCA Animal Hospitals: Betta Fish